Chewed snakeroot was traditionally applied to wounds and used as a cure for snakebite by American Indians. have been widely and extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine, as well as in England and the Americas.
serpentaria, transferring the toxic aristolochic acids of the plant to the adult butterflies for use as a defense mechanism against predators.( Pinto 2009, Wu 2000) HistoryĪristolochia spp. Several species of butterfly larvae feed on A. The dried rhizome of the plant has been traditionally used as an herbal tonic for its gastric stimulant and diuretic effects.( Sharp 2014) Insects become caught in the hairs of the flowers, then become covered with pollen while struggling to escape upon escape, the insect carries the pollen to other flowers, resulting in cross-pollination. Its exotic, brownish-purple, tube-like flowers are lined with hairs and possess a foul, fruit-like odor that attracts insects. The leaves of the plant are heart-shaped. serpentaria is a low-growing (up to 0.6 m in height) perennial found primarily in the forests of the central and southern United States. "Snakeroot" is a term also applied to the unrelated white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima), rattlesnake root (genus Prenanthes), Canadian blacksnakeroot (Sanicula canadensis), black snakeroot (Actaea racemose), and Sampson’s snakeroot (Orbexilum pedunculatum).( Krell 2013, USDA 2021)Ī. Synonyms include Aristolochia convolvulacea, Aristolochia hastate, Aristolochia nashi, and Endodeca serpentaria. serpentaria (also known as Virginia snakeroot). The genus Aristolochia (Dutchman's pipe) comprises more than 500 species of herbs and vines, including A. ToxicologyĪristolochia extracts are carcinogenic and nephrotoxic. Safety concerns regarding use of products containing aristolochic acids exist. InteractionsĮxtracts of Aristolochia are known to be toxic (carcinogenic and nephrotoxic). Abortifacient effects of aristolochic acids have been documented in animal studies. Aristolochia extracts are known to be toxic. Toxicity of Aristolochia extracts precludes their use. Clinical Overview Useĭespite traditional claims of efficacy for snakebite, among other uses, toxicity of Aristolochia extracts precludes their use. Scientific Name(s): Aristolochia serpentaria L.Ĭommon Name(s): Aristolochiae Radix, Birthwort, Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis, Herba Aristolochiae Mollissima, mǎdōu líng, Pelican flower, Red River snakeroot, Sangree root, Sangrel, Snakeroot, Snakeweed, Texas snakeroot, Virginia snakeroot
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